Positive, when a stimuli is added (to either reward or punish someone) and negative when a stimuli is removed (also to either reward or punish someone). And we use punishments when the goal is for individuals to avoid, or to stop a certain behaviour.Īlso, both punishments and rewards they can be classified as positive or negative. And in the case of marketing, to influence how consumers behave (e.g., what, when and how to buy).īut in case you need a quick refresh: in operant conditioning we use rewards (also called reinforcements) when we want to certain behaviour to be repeated, or for it to start. I am sure you will identify with many of the examples and recognise that you have been “fooled” before by these practices.īut before we start, shal we do a quick review? In Part 1 we discussed what operant conditioning is: a system of punishments and rewards, used to influence future behaviour of individuals. This time I would like to guide you on how marketing applies it to influence the behaviour of consumers. We’ve got you covered – check out our mega list of 40 Classroom Management Strategies, or download printable classroom management resources via the link below.Hello my friend, and welcome back for the Part 2 of our discussion on operant conditioning. Need more help with classroom management? Like any classroom management strategies, it has strengths and weaknesses, and will depend on your class’ needs, your teaching style, and if they’ve brought more than one ball into the classroom. Is Negative Reinforcement a Good Classroom Management Strategy? Let them see – and come to expect – that if they show bad behaviours then something will be removed. Punishment loses its edge, where negative reinforcement continually focuses students to work for better behaviour.Ĭonsistency: Be fair! Showing a consistent approach will set their operant conditioning, unless you remove a ball one day, and not the next, and only for some students, and so on. The longer time between the action and the consequence, the more your students will feel like their behaviour is acceptable.įrequency: Do it often! If the situation calls for it, go for it, whether it’s continually removing stimuli because of one incident or many stimulus after 20 incidents. Immediacy: Be fast! You’ll want your students to know asap that their behaviour will have consequences. Like other reinforcement strategies, negative reinforcement needs three elements to work: immediacy, frequency, and consistency. What Makes Negative Reinforcement Effective? Negative reinforcement increases behaviour – actually paying attention and not distracting other students – by removing the object that’s causing the distraction. Punishment aims to decrease behaviour – your students are throwing the ball, you throw out a witty one-liner about their prowess, and detention is given. Positive reinforcement uses addition to achieve this, negative reinforcement uses subtraction. Reinforcement (positive or negative) is ultimately about increasing behaviour. The aim of negative reinforcement is to increase the likelihood of the behaviour recurring by removing or acting to avoid negative behaviours. Here’s what it looks like in practice: What Negative Reinforcement Is (And What It Isn’t) Your students will perform a behaviour and see, feel, and understand the immediate consequence. Negating the ball in the first couple of seconds is going to make that link – the operant conditioning – stronger. They’ve been practising the behaviour for half an hour, what gives now? ![]() ![]() When you remove the ball, you could be faced with a lot of – probably insincere – indignation. Let’s say your students have been throwing the ball for the last 30 minutes. ![]() It’s called ‘ operant conditioning‘ – it’s the link we make between a behaviour and a consequence.įor it to be effective, you need to get onto it fast. How Does Negative Reinforcement Change Our Behaviour? Sure, the ball wasn’t complicit, but you’ve achieved what your goal without adding (positive) anything to the situation. In our example, you’d take the ball away from the students – you’re negating (or removing) the stimuli in the environment that’s encouraging bad behaviour. ![]() Negative reinforcement is a classroom management strategy that focuses on removing (or negating) stimuli from students to promote positive behaviours. Is it better to let them keep the ball and give them detention, or take the ball away? You want your students to stop throwing a ball around the class.
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